Chinery cprporatipn



26 1926. 1570;862 4 T. H. SEELY METHOD AND MEANS FOR DETERMINIKG THESEA?! OF KOLID'S Filed-July a, 1918 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan 26 1926.

' 1'. H. SEE LY IE'I'HOD AND MEANS FOR DETERMINING THE SHAY! 0F HOLDSFiled uly 8,3918 Z-ShutQ-Shat 2 Figfi 7/// V ////%& f

Patented Jan. 26, 1926.

UNITED STATES THOMAS. H.- Q EELLY, 1101: Mama messess sms e slenoa ao Hm-En $30 #4- massif- GHINEBY .dbe R TIQ F armon NEW 1 Q PQQMIQN METHQPAl DM AN OB DETER ININQIE senso Mean Application filed July 3,

To all whom it may concern:

Beit sk-nown thatrI, THOMAS H. SnnLY,

a citizen of the .United'States. residing at,

Wh ieh the following description, in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, is a 2 n specificatiomlike referenceicharacters on v thedraWingsindicat-ing like parts in the several figures.

Thisinvention-relates to the art of producing such implements as molds,of which 16 those used'in making'leggings furnished an example.

()neof the methods of manufacturing leggings consists in pressing sheetsof leather oriother material between a'trough-shaped femalemoldand aco-operating male mold,

the transverse elements ofithe curved surfaces; ofwhich should be-asnearly as possible partial developments of correspondingsections oftheobject, inthe presentinstance the calf and ankle portions of "a leg,over which the article molded is de signed to fit. An object of thisinvention is to provide for the accuratev determination of the shape ofthese molds and for their production.

A; feature of the invention .is found in the method by which the shapeof the mold is determined by generating its elements through the traveloi a form. Thisform preferably corresponds to. or has the generalcontour or the object with which the. article to be molded is toco-operate, and is herein illustrated as a leg form. The operation maybe accomplished by the steps ofrotating andrevolving the form so that anenvelope of roulettes is generated from one of its elements. Suchenvelopes may thenbe combined to form a completermold. The rotation'ispreferably through 360 degrees,

. while therev-olution is conveniently through a less angle, as 180degrees.

The mold, in-theillustrated embodiment of the invention, is made up ofsections, in Which case a feature of the invention con- 0 sists intracing the mold elements upon sue cessive sections and then assemblingthe sections. As these steps are most readlly 1918. serial m. 243,9se

made,th'ough other elements of the section may departfrom thepropershape. There fore, the assembled sections may be further mediate thetrue elements-to the contour covoper-ating molds are produced"simultaneously by dividing sections ofm'at'erial. This results 1n maleand female moldpor- .tions at opposite sides of the line of division.

Then thesections of the respective ,inol'ds may be assembled and broughtthroughout to the desired shape. To give uniformlpressure between themold portions, thematerialremoved in dividing them preferably does notexceed in thicknessthat of'thearticle to'be molded an d the totalthickness of material taken from the two portions; is

substantially that of said article;

Additional features concern: an apparatus by Which-the steps of themethod previously outlined may be performed, and" in which a form'su'ppo'rt isfmoved to cause elements of the mold surface to-begeneratedbya form carried thereby andthe shape of such elementsrecorded. 'As' herei n"fillustrated; i this record ng means I ncludes a"member variable-1n pos tion to enable successive it elements to 'betraced. Inthe production of molds for leggings,a leg form is employed,

the recording means co-ope'rating, therewith atdiflbrent'pbints between.the ankle and calf portions. As the preferred-embodiment of theapparatus, I haveshown the form support as including a carrier anda'form holder rotatable thereon. "The recording .means is preferablymounted on the carrier,

having a markingjmember for tracing the generated curves and a contactmember movable toward and from the form support and adjustable alongsaid support.

Other "features will hereinafter appear,

reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is atop plan vievv of one form of my improved apparatus;

Fig. 2 is an end elevationthereof looking frointhe' 19a in Fi 1;

PATENT OFF-ICE. I

Figs. 3 and 4 are details in perspective of portions of the recordingmechanism;

Fig. 5 illustrates diagrammatically the manner in which the generatedcurve is traced; and

Fig. 6 is a central vertical section through assembled sectional moldportions after the separate sections have been divided.

A supporting frame is shown consisting of a base 10 and oppositevertical end pieces 12 and 14. In using the apparatus to determine theshape of successive -mold sections, the end piece 12 may serve as areceiver for said sections, one at a time. For this purpose it is madeinthe form of an open frame, in which may be placed rec tangular platesor thin blocks W of 111m. terial, as wood, from which the mold orpattern portions are to be made. These are held in place by some suchsecuring means as buttons 16 and have the inner face toward the oppositeend piece 14 exposed for the tracing operation.

Pivoted at 18 upon an arm 20 depending from the upper portion of the endpiece 12 and at 22 in an upright 24 rising from the end piece 14 is acarrier member 26 of a form support. This carrier member is U-shaped,having arms 28 extending upon the opposite side of the pivots from thebody of the'U, there being secured to the closed portion of the carriera handle 30 by which the support may be turned through an angle, in thepresent instance of 180 degrees. The handle is preferably of such weightas to tend to counterbalance that of the support and form. Mounted torotate in the arms of the carrier is a form holder including a spindle32 having a flanged head 34 of somewhat enlarged diameter and arrangedto turn in an opening in the left-hand arm of the carrier, as viewed inFig. 1, and a reduced end portion 36 rotatably journaled in a smalleropening in the opposite arm. Contacting with the inner side of the head34 is a collar 38 having a bow 39 contacting with the enlarged head 84and carrying at one edge of its periphery a gear 40, which is shown asof the pin type. At the opposite side of the collar is a projection 42extending parallel to the spindle. The extremity of the spindle oppositethe head is threaded at 44 to receive a nut 46 carrying a hand wheel bywhich it may be turned. At 48 appears a form corresponding generally tothe shape of the object to which the molded article is to be applied. Asthe apparatus disclosed is for use in producing molds for manufacturingleggings, a leg form including calf and ankle portions is employed. Inplacing the form upon the holder, the spindle is withdrawn from the armsand the collar, form and nut held alined with the openings in the ar msf'The spindle is then introduced through these openings and the nutturned upon the thread 34, the col lar projection 42 entering a bore inthe ankle portion of the form to compel its rotation with the gear 40.The screwing up of the nut against the calf end of the form forces itagainst'the collar 38, thus forcing the boss 39 against the shoulderformed by the enlarged head 84. The width of the head 34 being somewhatgreater than the thickness of thearrn 28, the spindle is free to turn inthe openings in the arms 28. The purpose. of the boss 39 is to provideadequate spacing between the arm 28 and the adjacent gearingf At thistime the gear 49 meshes with a segmental pin gear 50 carried upon theinner face of the end piece 14 of the frame, the result of thisengagement being-that when the carrier is turned to revolve the formabout the'pivots 18' and 20, the spindle and form are simultaneouslyrotated. "The diameter of the p tch circle of the gear 50 is shownsubstan t ally twice that of the gear-40, and the pitch circle of thegear 40 therefore passes substantially through the axis l822.

On the carrier 26 is mounted mechanism for tracing or recording thecurves generated by the movement of the form. In-

separated arms 52, 52, extending from the closed portion of the L-carrier beneath the spindle to the opposite side of the form, are pivotpins 54 threaded through the arm and having conical ends to rotatablysupport a bar 56. This bar has at the end toward the block l/V held inthe end piece 12 an arm 58 provided with a marking member conven1entlyin the form of a wheel 60 turning upon a screw 62. The sharp edge ofthis wheel bears against the face of the block lV, so that it indentssaid block as it moves over it. Arranged to slide upon the bar 56 is acarrier block 64 having a contact wheel 66 turning upon a screw 68. in abore in this block is a conical-ended latch member 70 forced by a spring72 toward the top of the bar 56 to engage one or another of a series ofdepressions 74 and thus temporarily hold the contact wheel in definitelongitudinal relation to the form. The wedge-shaped tracing edge of thewheel 60 is in alinemeiit with the contact edge or" the wheel 66,considered in a direction parallel to the axis of the holder spindle 32.A spring 76 extending between one of the arms 52 and the arm 58 tends torock the bar 56 about its pivots to hold the contact wheel 66 constantlyagainst the form.

The operation of the apparatus in carrying out the method of thisinvention may be understood by a consideration of Figs. 5 and 6 of thedrawings. A form 48 corresponding to the size of the legging for whichmolds are to be made is fixed in the holder. The receiver in the endpiece 12. is

ppl ed wi h, one o he section 1 o ks 1W. with-its inner face against.the edge of'the wheel 1 60, and; the; contact member is --positionedwith its; latch in a particular one; of

the depressions 74, sayat one, extremity'of the form. Now asthe handle30'is swung from its positionillustrated-inFigs; 1 and 2 through 180degrees, the form is revolved about the pivots-1 8 -and,22, this axisbeing;

b have been described as, having a ratio of substantially 2:1. Thisinsures that the length of the arc c, be equalitothe. circu'm-. ferenceb so that a complete rotation of .the

form (from the standpoint of the arc 0) will result from therevolutionof the, form throughthe angle. subtended by the arc c.

at the center a, which in the construction shown in.Fig. 5 is 180. Thisconstruction has been found convenient in practice, but

is not necessary. in order to vcarry out: the present invention initsbroadest aspect. It

is necessaryonly that that part of the cir clec which isuseol shall beequal to the complete circumference b. If, for example, the distance2%32 were increased while.v the circle 0 remained unchanged, the circlea would be smaller and would no longer pass through the point a, anditscircumferenc-e would be rolled out in lessthan a semi-circumferencevof the circle c, and the form would haveto revolveonly throughthecorrespondingangle. Such a construetion is shown in .F ig, 2, Thismethodof generating forms. is of particular value in making molds; forarticles not having extreme changes in curvature,,such as leggings orputtees. It amounts to themaking of a partially developed mold,thatis,-a mold which has beenpartially, flattened out toward av plane,this flattening involving, in generahsome distortion. The making ofmolds under the previously existing prac tice has beenvery expensive,involving accurate molding or pattern reproduction. In the'case ofarticles whose surfaces are so shaped as vto be partially developablewithout prohibitive distortion, the present method is of 1 greatimportance.

The angle of revolutionadoptcd (as the Word; is, herein used) dependsupon the amount of development. that is permissible,

in view of the distortion introduced therecircle 0 a straight line,androllinga form along, it. This amounts to a1 zero revolutionand is oneextreme; accurate pattern reproduction, WhiCll corresponds ,torevolument.

production is. Obviously as, a practicah mechanicalmatter, aclose-approach to,360; revolution is not; possible, as: the a andcircles are. then so closetogether that the. mechanical parts will' notclearv in move. The drawing illustrates an inter,-

mediate condition. The wheel 60 revolvess with-. the form, and, undertheinfluence of the contact. wh-eelg66, variesjas-to its dis;

circumference of the form. The curve. a

can be regarded as a directrix for the generation of theyroulettes andof; their envelope, and the curve-of may be called the rollingperimeterof the form 48.. The generation of the envelope of theroulettes-generated .by' the points. of the perim-.

eter of the form 48 which being treated; to form thecorresponding.envelopec, can

be regarded as the combinationof thesmall corresponding portions of adjacent roulettes which closely approximate the. envelope. That, is,those; portions of two .adjafcent tance from theaxis of revolution anamount roulettes which have a common tangent with the envelope. in thatvicinity, can be,

regarded as combined or placed end to end to formthecorrespondingportion of; the

envelope. p

The; envelopes, when obtained, are cross sectionsf of the resulting moldformed by planes; perpendicular to the axis 32, and corresponding to'thesettingsof the block 64 alongthe bar 56, Themold isformed. by assemblingthese cross-sections in the proper relation, in order. Upon. other;

'blocksW like curves are-similarly traced. for successivesettings ofthecontact ;mem-

ber 66 along the bar 56. The blocks of material are then divided, as bysawing at f (Fig. 6), along the-indicated lines. in a 'direction atright; angles to the faces bearingt-he curves and the. correspondingportions assembled and secured together to.

furnish an approximation ofathe respectivemale and female halves A: andB- of the mold. It will be seen that each section of each moldportion-.willcontain at least'one transverse elementof the true contour,corresponding to the: elementof the form wh ch passes. beneath thecontact wheel.

Material is thenremovedfroni the opposed by the ,linesg andrhsinEig; 6;TOgObtilllI "tion androtation oil-360, -each, ,being the proper;.co-operation betweenwthep-mold POT-g tions with uniform pressure overthe entire surface of the article molded, the thickness of materialremoved in dividing the por tions should not exceed the thickness ofsaid article. Preferably, the total width of the space formed by bothdividing and finally shaping the surfaces is substantially equal to thethickness of the article. If the amount removed is less, there will bean excessive pressure at the outer edges of the mold; if greater,therewill be too heavy pressure at the center.

In this description and the appended claims, I have in "red to theproduction of molds by the present method or have employed languageindicating that a mold directly results. While for certain classes ofwork involving the application'of rela tively light pressure this coursemay be feasible with molds of Wood, and while the same steps n'iight beutilized to form molds of metal, with the latter material it ispreferable to employ the implement made through the application of mymethod to Wood sections as patterns from which metal molds are cast, andit is to be understood that such a procedure is covered by the claims ofthis invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1.. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a mold whichconsists in generating a linear element of the mold by combiningportions of the paths of points on the periphery of a form as it rollsalong a directrix, the portions combined being, in order, those portionsof the paths corresponding to pairs of adjacent points along the curvewhich have a common tangent, and arranging such linear elements in orderin parallel planes to make the mold surface, and combining such linearelements of the form. V

2. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a mold bygenerating a curved element of the mold by adding end to end, in orderselected portions of the paths of the points taken in the same order ona corresponding element of a form, as the form rolls along a directrix.

3. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a mold bygenerating a curved element of the mold by placing end to end, in order,selected portions of the paths of the points taken in the same order ona corresponding element of a form, as the form rolls along a directrix,the directriX being curved over an arc of substantially less than 360while of such length as to cause the form to roll through an angle of360 along it.

4-. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a-mold bygenerating a. curved element of the mold by adding sists in generatingroulettes of points on the periphery of a form, forming the en velope ofthese roulettes and using this envelope as an element of the mold.

6. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a mold whichcon sists in generating roulette-s of points on an element of a form,forming the envelope of these roulettes, and forming the mold surface byassembling the rouleites correspond ing to successive elements of theform in order.

7. That iinproven'ient in methods of detern'iining the shape of a moldfor leggings which consists in rolling a legging-like form along adirectrix, recording the envelope of the roulettes generated by pointson an element of the mold, and combining these roulettes as elements ofthe mold surface.

8. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a mold forleggings which consists in rolling a legging-like form along acurvilinear directrix, recording the envelope of the roulettes generatedby points on an element of the mold, and combining these roulettes aselements of the mold surface.

9. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a mold forleggings which consists in rolling a legging-like form along asemi-circular directrix, recording the envelope of the roulettesgenerated by points on an element of the mold, and combining theseroulettes as elements of the mold surface.

10. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a mold forleggings which consists in rolling a legging-like form along asemicircular directrix, the length of the semi-circle beingsubstantially equal to the rolling perimeter of the form, recording theenvelope of the roulettes generated by points on an element of the mold,and combining these roulettes as elements of the mold surface.

11. The method of producing co-operating molds, which consists individing successive sections of material to furnish adjacent portions ofopposed mold surfaces, and assembling the sections.

12. The method of producing co-operating molds, which consists intracing elements of a mold on successive sections of material, dividingthe sections to furnish adjacent portions of opposed mold surfaces, andassembling the sections. V

13. ThlIlBtlflOd of producing co-operating molds, which consists individing successlve sections of material to furnish surfaces containingelements of opposedmold cause elements of a mold to be generated by aform carried on the support, and means variable in position with respectto the form for separately recording said elements.

16. In an apparatus for, determining the shape of molds for leggings. amovable leg form, and means for recording arbitrarily selectedtransverse contours generated by the movement of the form.

17 In an apparatus for determining the shapeof molds for leggings, amovable leg form, and means variable in position with respect to theform for separately recording successive contours between the calf andankle portions generated by the movement of the form;

18. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a formholder mounted on the carrier, means for rotating the holder, andrecording means for co-operation with a form carried on the support.

19. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a formholder mounted on the carrier, means for rotating the holder,

and recording means mounted on the carrier to move toward and from theholder for cooperation with a form carried on the support.

20. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a formholder mounted on the carrier, means for rotating the holder, andrecording means including an element adjustable in position along theholder for co-operation with a form carried on the support.

21. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a formholder mounted on the carrier, means for rotating the holder, andrecording means including a member for contact with a form carried onthe support and a marking member. v

22. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a formholder mounted on the carrier, means for rotating the holder, andrecording means including a member for contact with a form carried onthe sup-. port'and a marking member, the contact portions of saidmembers lying in a line parallel to the axis of rotation of the holder.

23. In an apparatus for determining the shape of successive sections ofmolds, retaining means for the mold sections, a form support movable tocause elements of a mold to be generated by a formcarried on the support, means for recording the shape'of said elements including a membermovable along the support, and means constructed and arranged to fix theposition of the member in accordance with the thickness of the moldsections. I

24. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a formholder rotatable on the carrier,'means for communicating the movement ofthe carrier to the holder, and

marking means arranged for actuation by a form carried on the support.

25. In an apparatus of the class described, arotatable carrier, a formholder rotatable on the carrier, gearing acting in the rotation of thecarrier for turnlng. the form holder through a greater angle than thatthrough which the carrier travels, and marking means arrangedforactuation by a form carried on the support. 4

26. In an apparatus of the class described,

' a frame, a carrier movable thereon, a form holder movable on thecarrier, gearing connecting the holder and frame, and marking meansarranged for actuation by a form carried on the support. 1 Y

27. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a formholder rotatable on the carrier, a bar pivoted on the carrier, markingmeans mounted on the bar, and means for contact with a form carried onthe support variable in position on the bar with respect to said form. r

28. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, 9.vform holder rotatable on the carrier, a bar pivoted on the carrierparallel to the form holder and being provided with a series ofdepressions, a marking member mounted on the bar, and a member forcontact with a form carried on the support movable on the bar and havinga latch for engagement with the bar depressions.

29. That improvement in methods of producing co-operating molds whichconsists in generating an outline of an element of a mold on a sectionof material and dividing the section along the outline to form correingmolds. 7

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

THOMAS H. SEELY.

sponding elements of the required co-operat-

